Different gene expression of skin tissues between mice with weight controlled by either calorie restriction or physical exercise
Cancer prevention by weight control via dietary calorie restriction (DCR) and/or exercise has been demonstrated in animal models. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we compared phorbol ester (TPA)-induced gene expression profiles in DCR- or exercise-treated mouse skin tissues. SENCAR mice were randomly assigned to one of the following four groups: ad libitum-fed sedentary control, ad libitum-fed exercise (AE), exercise but pair-fed at the amount of the control (PE), and 20% DCR. After 10-weeks, both body weight and fat composition significantly decreased in DCR and PE groups when compared with the controls. Weight loss was not observed in AE due to, at least in part, increased food intake. Among 39,000 transcripts with 45,101 probe sets measured by Affymetrix microarray, we identified TPA-induced 411, 110, and 67 genes that showed ≥1.5-fold and significant changed by DCR, AE, and PE, respectively. Of these significantly changed genes, gene ontology annotation showed a profound impact on gene expression by DCR in 21 biological process categories. Although PE and AE showed moderate impact on gene expression, the similarity of gene expression pattern altered by PE was relatively closer to DCR, while AE was closer to the control. The results of 22 cancer related gene expression pattern, especially for certain oncogenes, further supported that PE appeared to be a better alternative than AE to DCR-like cancer prevention. The impact on gene expression profile was associated with the effect on weight loss, i.e., DCR >> PE > AE. Overall, this study demonstrated for the first time that weight control via decreasing energy intake or increasing energy expenditure resulted in the different modes of gene expression. Furthermore, DCR showed profound inhibitory impact on the expression of genes relevant to cancer risks. Furthermore, exercise along with limited dietary calorie intake appears to be a better method for reducing weight and cancer risk when compared to exercise alone.
Reference Information:
Lu J, Xie L, Sylvester JE, Wang J, Bai J, Baybutt RC, Wang W. Different gene expression of skin tissues between mice with weight controlled by either calorie restriction or physical exercise. Experimental Biology and Medicine (2007); 232(4):473-480.
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This entry was posted on Wednesday, April 30th, 2008. It is filed under Human Nutrition and is tagged with calorie restriction, cancer, exercise, gene expression, mice, weight control.